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 1871 -
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| Name |
Charles Edgar Deal |
| Nickname |
Charlie |
| Born |
Feb 1871 |
Catawba County, North Carolina, USA  |
| Gender |
Male |
| Notes |
- U.S. Census Jacobs Fork, Catawba County, NC 1900: "Charles E. Deal, age 29 b. Feb 1871 North Carolina parents b. North Carolina, farmer-rents, cannot read/write, m. 1899 wife Bessie, age 18 b. Dec 1881 North Carolina, can read/write; one daughter: Sadie S. 5/12."
U.S. Census Gastonia, Gaston County, NC 1910: "Charlie E. Deal, age 39 b. Abt. 1871 North Carolina, weaver-cotton mill, parents b. Unknown [sic] wife Bessie A., age 28 b. Abt. 1882 North Carolina parents b. North Carolina, not employed; four children b. North Carolina: Sadie S. 10, Robert E. 8, Cletes E. 6, Freddie E. 2."
http://www.ibiblio.org/sohp/laf/factory.html
"The Experiences of Mill Workers:
First-generation mill hands had to adjust from the rhythm of life on the farm, where the worked for themselves and according to the pace of the seasons, to the rhythm of the factory, where they worked for someone else's profit and synchronized their labor to the steady and quick pace of machines. Most mill hands went to work early in the day and labored for ten to twelve hours straight, amid deafening noise, choking dust and lint, and overwhelming heat and humidity.
Families usually began mill work together, since employers paid adults poor wages and offered jobs to children to help make ends meet. "In this way, mills attracted a core of mature workers at low cost along with younger, even cheaper, laborers who could perform simple tasks and move in and out of the mills in response to market fluctuations." (p. 52) Critics opposed child labor and mill owners were often of a divided mind on the subject, but children remained an integral part of the labor force. Between 1880 and 1910, about one-fourth of all cotton mill workers in the South were below the age of sixteen.
Children grew up in homes regulated by the mills' schedule. Mothers brought nursing infants to work or adjusted feeding schedules around breaks in the factory day. Older children came and went in the mills as they pleased, bringing meals to parents and learning to do factory labor as they played with friends in the factory. Sometimes young children assisted parents or older brothers and sisters with their work, increasing the wage earner's paycheck while also learning skills that they would use as employees in their own right years later. Most children entered full-time work in the mill by age twelve, dropping out of school or moving between school and work as necessity dictated.
When new workers started their jobs, they often labored for up to six weeks without pay during a learning period. Children usually started in the entry-level jobs of spinning, spooling, or doffing. Often the heaviest work went to African American men, who moved large bales of cotton, loaded wagons or rail cars with finished goods, and worked amid the dirt and dust of the opening and picking rooms. Black women were excluded from mill work altogether. The spinning room was almost always female-dominated, and women sometimes also worked as weavers or drawing-in hands. Boys were usually employed as doffers or sweepers, and men worked as weavers, loom fixers, carders, or supervisors.
Mill workers usually worked six twelve-hour days each week. The jobs that went to adult white men tended to pay the best, followed by jobs worked by white women, jobs that employed black men, and, finally, jobs performed by children."
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| Person ID |
I43919 |
Complete |
| Last Modified |
3 Nov 2013 |
| Father |
James Gray Deal, b. Abt. 1850, Catawba County, North Carolina, USA |
| Mother |
Mary Ann Mayo, b. Abt. 1850, South Creek, Beaufort County, North Carolina, U.S.A. |
| Married |
20 Mar 1868 |
Beaufort County, North Carolina, U.S.A. |
- LDS FamilySearch North Carolina Marriages, 1762-1979: "James G. Deal, father: Job Deal mother Avenia Deal; & Mary A. Mayo, father: David Mayo mother Frances; m. 20 Mar 1868 Beaufort County, by Joshua Reed, J.P."
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| Family ID |
F18044929 |
Group Sheet | Family Chart |
| Family |
Bessie Augusta Gilbert, b. Dec 1881, Catawba County, North Carolina, USA |
| Married |
Abt. 1899 |
North Carolina, U.S.A. |
| Children |
| | 1. Sadie S. Deal, b. 1 Jan 1900, Gastonia, Gaston County, North Carolina, U.S.A. , d. 10 Dec 1987, Gastonia, Gaston County, North Carolina, U.S.A. (Age 87 years) |
| | 2. Robert Edgar Deal, b. 8 May 1902, Catawba County, North Carolina, USA , d. 13 May 1943, Charlotte, Mecklenburg County, North Carolina, U.S.A. (Age 41 years) |
| | 3. Cleatus Eddelman Deal, b. 23 Sep 1904, Gastonia, Gaston County, North Carolina, U.S.A. |
| + | 4. Fred Earl Deal, b. 24 Feb 1908, Gastonia, Gaston County, North Carolina, U.S.A. , d. 15 Sep 1991, Gastonia, Gaston County, North Carolina, U.S.A. (Age 83 years) |
| | 5. Reid Albert Deal, b. 6 Aug 1910, Gastonia, Gaston County, North Carolina, U.S.A. , d. 24 Apr 1985, Gastonia, Gaston County, North Carolina, U.S.A. (Age 74 years) |
| + | 6. Clarence Franklin Deal, b. 13 Jan 1913, Gastonia, Gaston County, North Carolina, U.S.A. , d. 28 Mar 1998, Thomaston, Upson County, Georgia, U.S.A. (Age 85 years) |
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| Last Modified |
3 Nov 2013 |
| Family ID |
F18044930 |
Group Sheet | Family Chart |
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| Event Map |
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 | Born - Feb 1871 - Catawba County, North Carolina, USA |
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 | Married - Abt. 1899 - North Carolina, U.S.A. |
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| Pin Legend |
 : Address
 : Location
 : City/Town
 : County/Shire
 : State/Province
 : Country
 : Not Set |
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